GIANYAR TOWN AND VICINITY

The small, bustling administrative center of Gianyar Regency, 23 km from Denpasar's Terminal Kereneng (Rp700 by bemo), Gianyar is important from a tourist point of view both as a bemo stop for those heading north to Kintamani or east to Klungkung and as a center for native Balinese ikat weaving (called endek in Balinese). It also has several jeweler's shops selling traditional gold jewelry and a large cockfighting arena (wantilan). Its babi guling stands and joged group are famous all over the island.

THE PURI

The old palace, visible through a gate, is in the middle of town facing the alun-alun. Still a private residence, prior permission is required to visit. First built in 1771 on the site of a priest's house, it barely survived a number of 19th-century wars, but was destroyed by the 1917 earthquake. Rebuilt in the 1920s, it's one of the few traditional and best preserved Balinese palaces still existing, and one of few still lived in by a royal family. Its spacious courtyards are decorated with stonework and carved wood pillars. Visit the western courtyard, with its two impressive gates and gilded bale. In the alun-alun stands a waringin tree, an all-important symbol of Balinese and Javanese royal courts.
     During the wars of the 1880s, pressed by belligerent neighbors, Gianyar's raja, Dewa Manggis, agreed to pay liege homage to the Dewa Agung of Klungkung. Ultimately, the raja and his whole family were imprisoned. In 1889, two sons escaped from Klungkung and re-established their kingdom in the puri. Placing themselves under the protection of the Dutch, the kingdom was spared when the Dutch conquered the other southern Bali principalities. In the 20th century, the Gianyar royal line became administrators in the colonial government and after the war in 1950s and '60s, prominent republican leaders.

SHOPPING

The shops along the main street are not cheap, apparently the victims of tour buses, but still pretty good. There's a thriving "art market" everyday where you can bargain for just about any arts and crafts product made on the island, and a few that aren't.
     A woodcarving training center is in Abianbase a few blocks from Gianyar's police station. Visit before 1200. Called Sasana Hasta Karya, it was set up in 1983 by the Denpasar Catholic church as an assistance program to unemployed youth. The carving follows Balinese traditional style with some thematic inspiration from the Borobudur and Prambanan temples in Central Java.
     Shop for your handwoven and hand-dyed textiles and sarung here. Just before entering town from Denpasar you'll find several textile shops and factories with showrooms selling sarung, colorfully decorated T-shirts, shirts (Rp30,000 and up), and stunning ikat (Rp10,000-15,000 per meter). Prices are high for the quality, but the designs and colors are utterly unique. Best to buy in the off-season because tourists drive prices up. If you're not careful, you could pay more than in Denpasar or Kuta; a sarung costing Rp7500 in Legian costs a fixed Rp15,000 here.
     Kain ikat is cheaper in the Gianyar market, but the lighting is so dim it's difficult to make out the colors and quality. The clerks there can only come down 15% at most; for more than that they have to ask the boss. Always ask for a wholesale discount if you buy more than three of anything. The materials used are synthetic (plastic twine and chemical dyes).
     There are at least 50 hand-weaving factories in Gianyar. They pay scores of girls and boys Rp60,000-70,000 per month. The kids work everyday but holidays 0800-1600; it takes about six hours to complete one sarung. The workers are too poor themselves to wear the sarung they make, but conditions have improved. Now they're given one free meal a day, plus free drinks.
     Cap Togog, Jl. Astina Utara 11, tel. (0361) 93046 or 93443, fax 93442, is the largest (seven sweatshops) and oldest (1953) weaving factory in Gianyar. Open 0800-1630 every day. No women's clothes, but endek fabric is Rp17,000 per meter; lots of men's shirts starting at Rp30,000; silk sarung, Rp80,000. All fabrics made here. Colors won't run, as there is good quality control. The working looms are in the back where 300 people work. For discounts, see the manager Pande Nyoman Gede Maruta.
     One of Gianyar's best known mills, Cap Cili, Ciung Wanara 7, Gianyar 80511, tel. (0361) 93409, fax 93724, is also one of Gianyar's largest and oldest (1960). They sell not only lengths of endek cloth (Rp10,000-12,500 per meter), but hand-painted batik, integrated garments, short-sleeve shirts (Rp17,500), long-sleeve shirts (Rp25,000), dresses (Rp20,000). Also purses (Rp5000), sarung (Rp10,000), swim trunks (Rp6000). Big display room, helpful clerks, owned by Pande Wayan Sira. Open 0800-1800 every day. Fixed prices. Also check out the Bakti and Cap Putri Bali weaving centers.

PRACTICALITIES

Accommodations and Food
Most travelers don't stay here overnight. Ubud, only 10 km away, has an infinitely larger selection of accommodations; Gianyar has two places to stay. The small Sari Gadung Homestay, Jl. Dalem Rai, tel. (0361) 93104, on the alun-alun, has seven rooms with a sitting room. No breakfast. Plain, drab, tolerably clean, cool, central. Free tea and coffee. Rp7000 s or d. Pondok Wisata, Jl. Anom Sandat 10 X, tel. (0361) 942164, down a little street off the alun-alun, has nine rooms without air conditioning or fans. Rp20,000 s, Rp35,000 d, simple breakfast included. Without breakfast, rooms are Rp5000 cheaper.      Pasar Senggol, the big culinary attraction of Gianyar, takes place on the main street near the market every night 1700-2100. All the best traditional dishes are found here: grilled chicken (ayam kampung), rice mixed with sweet potatoes (tepeng), and Balinese kampung sweets. Even the people from Denpasar drive all the way here because the night market has such a concentration of authentic Balinese village food without a touristy atmosphere.
     Two Warung Melati serve the Balinese delicacy babi guling, roast piglet, on either side of the stanplatz. About Rp10,000 for two people. Get there early because by 1100 they're usually sold out. A nasi padang restaurant called the Bundo Kandung is on Jl. Kesatrian beside the cinema.

Information and Services
The poorly staffed tourist office for Gianyar District (Dinas Pariwisata Gianyar) is at Jl. Ngurah Rai 21 (Mon.-Fri. 0700-1700, tel. 0361-93401). It's easier to get info in Ubud. In rudimentary English they can only advise about the location of the various weaving factories. A Wartel, open 24 hours, is just to the west of the tourist office. Change money at Bank Rakyat Indonesia, 200 meters down the road in the town center by the palace; turn at the sign to Lebih.

Getting There and Away
Bemo heading east from Denpasar, from the south, and from the north are forced to pass through Gianyar; listen for the abbreviated nyar! Destinations, distances, and prices: Denpasar, 23 km, Rp700; Kutri, 10 km, Rp400; Bedulu, five km, Rp300; Sidan, three km, Rp300; Pejeng, 10 km, Rp400.

VICINITY OF GIANYAR

In Bitra, two km northwest of Gianyar, a famous death temple (pura dalem) sits under a big banyan tree beside a river. A state pura dedicated to the descendents of the throne of Dewa Manggis is found at Beng, three km northeast of Gianyar. Kramas, four km to the south, is a center for music and dance, particularly for its arja theatrical performers, as it was once the seat of 17th-century prince Gusti Agung Maruti.
     Samprangan, two km to the east past the Sangsang River, was the site of a former royal palace of Javanese aristocrat Kapakisan, who was sent by general Gajah Mada to represent Majapahit interests in the area. The very old pura dalem that houses the sacral drinking bowl of Kapakisan's horse is behind the village wantilan. It's the only remnant of this puri. North of Gianyar is Bukit Jati ("Hill of Teak"). The teak trees disappeared decades ago, but there's a fine panorama from the temple of cascading rice fields.

Sidan
There are many beautiful temples in the Gianyar area, like the exquisitely carved temple near Sidan, a village three kilometers east of Gianyar town on the road to Bangli. A fine example of a pura dalem. At the kulkul tower, stone relief shows evildoers being tormented by devil giants, gates are flanked by deities of death, the temple's main motif, and the semi-divine Boma and Durga appear as the terrifying widow-witch Rangda. The pura is dedicated to Merajapati, the caretaker of the dead. It's believed the ashes of the great King Airlangga are interred here.
To get to Sidan, take a bemo for Rp300 from Gianyar in the direction of Bangli and get off at Peteluan. From Klungkung and Bangli it's also Rp300 by bemo. The pura dalem is only two kilometers north of Peteluan, the crossroads village leading up to Bangli. From this same crossroads, where you can change bemo, it's nine kilometers to Klungkung and 47 kilometers to Amlapura.

Lebih
In the coastal village of Lebih, three kilometers south of Gianyar, fishermen gather nener (tadpoles) to be sold to Javanese fishpond cultivators. On this road sits one of Bali's only Chinese temples. A large Chinese community once served as merchant middlemen between the Gianyar raja and his subjects. Many Chinese tradesmen took part in the construction of the puri, evidenced by the Chinese ornamentation on the roofs of the various bale.
     A pura segara (sea temple) affords a good vantage point over Nusa Penida. Balinese all over the district bring the ashes of their dead here for the soul's final liberation in a ceremony known as melasti. Because of the undertow, swimming here is dangerous. The best beach in the area is at Siyut, 10 kilometers south (via Tulikup and Bekul) of the main Gianyar-Klungkung road.

Bona and Vicinity
Many of the inhabitants of Bona, only three kilometers northeast of Blahbatuh on an asphalt road between Gianyar and Blahbatuh, are engaged in making good quality baskets, hats, sandals, wallets, handbags, fans, dolls, birds, flowers, and up to three-meter-tall Christmas trees made of dried lontar palm leaves. Plain and spotted bamboo chairs, beds, and tables, or plain or ornate wooden furniture can be ordered here.
     Bona is also the venue of an extraordinary version of the modern kecak, the "fire dance," first performed here in the 1930s. It's a travesty of the sanghyang dedari trance dance performed with a male chorus accompaniment, at least six days a week from 1800 to 2000. Entrance is Rp5000, including transport from Ubud at 1700. Or buy tickets at the door. Bemo from Gianyar cost Rp300.
     Visit the readymade batik and ikat outlet Anoman Handicrafts Shop up the road from Bona toward Gianyar. To see the ikat process, visit their weaving factory in Beng. There are also at least 50 weaving factories and dozens of showrooms in and around the town of Gianyar.

Saba and Masceti Beaches
Seven kilometers south of Gianyar, west of Lebih, and near the mouth of the Pakrisan River are the restful black- and gray-sand beaches of Saba and Masceti. If heading west from Gianyar, turn at the sign advertising the luxurious, never-opened Saba Bay Resort Hotel. A motorcyclist will take you down to Saba Beach for around Rp2000 (hitch another motorcycle or scooter back). For surfers there's a good right break over a sand and rock bottom. Once yearly, the people of Gianyar stage a huge rite here to placate the forces of disease and calamity.
     At Masceti, 10 kilometers south of Bona via Medahan, is a much venerated sea temple, one of the nine that protect the south coast of Bali from the forces of the sea. From Medahan, follow the signs to the sea through rice terraces and you'll come to the impressive rough coral candi bentar that marks the entrance to the temple. An attractive lily pond lies to the east but the black-sand shore is marred by a hideously ornamented swimming pool and stage.